One fine day my granny asked me a
question what is FDI ? What is FDI in
retail ? Suddenly I looked back .I can figure out minutely the curiosity she
has to know about FDI ...Yes of course
she has the right to know about FDI which is flooded over each and every news
channel ,newspaper and radio every fraction of second... With the age of
seventy her regular news reading habit compelled her to ask me such a responsible question which I do
appreciate. This is not only a question
from my granny’s side but also a
question from millions of Indian who does not have sound basics of Indian
Economy. My article is a small step to literate them regarding the country’s
present hot cake FDI and FDI in retail.
What
Is FDI ?
Foreign
direct investment (FDI) is
direct investment into production in a country by a company located in another
country, either by buying a company in the target country or by expanding
operations of an existing business in that country.
Benefits Of FDI :
·
Getting Tax exemption
·
Enjoy Preferential Tariff
·
Increase revenue
·
Increase profit
·
Cheaper labour cost
·
Gain the expert technology and knowledge
·
Increase International business accessibility
·
Expansion of business channel
·
Enhance the
Job Opportunities
·
Modernisation of supply chain, advertisement
,technology ,inventory management
·
Introduction of more and more SEZ(Special
Economic Zone) and EPZ(Export Processing Zones) in country
·
Increase subsidies
Types
Of FDI :
·
Inward FDI
·
Outward FDI
·
Horizontal FDI
·
Platform FDI
·
Vertical FDI
Various possible Investment sector Of FDI :
·
FDI - inbound and outbound retail
·
FDI in Retail
·
FDI in Single brand
·
FDI in Multi brand
·
FDI in Civil aviation
·
FDI in Airlines
·
FDI in Real Estate
·
FDI in
Insurance
·
FDI in Power Trading
·
FDI in Broadcasting
Bold Economic
Announcement:
Union Government has made some notable announcement
on FDI to quicken economic progress of India.
·
Investment in Multi brand retail 51%
·
Investment in Single brand retail 100%
·
Investment in Communication and Broadcasting
74%
·
Investment in Power trading & Exchange 49%
·
Investment in Civil aviation 49%
Now there is a question in the mind of
millions of “aam aadmi” or general public “Is FDI in retail good for India ? “Will
it solve all the crux of various problems? Will it provide rural
infrastructure, better price to farmers ,better employment opportunities n piles of unsolved problem
which India has today??? Investment in FDI is a suicidal decision for
1.21billions Indian.
After the announcement there is a
mixed response among the elite , middle class educated Indian ...What about
lower middle class, farmers ,artisans
and people below poverty line ?
What is the impact of FDI in retail on
them ? Will they suffer or enjoy the cake of FDI in retail? Why cost cutting
began at lower level? Why policy makers want to squeeze the last drop of blood
out of the aam aadmi? Will FDI in retail add benchmark to economic progress of
agrarian country like India where more than 70 % of people depends on agriculture ..Will FDI in retail be a boon for India? Lets have a
discussion...
A weeks ago we found all the below
mentioned points in a whole single page of every newspaper published by
Ministry of Commerce and Industry Government of India with the tagline of
“Another Revolutionary leap of Indian Economy”.....Lets have a look some favourable points regarding FDI in retail
which the policy maker has ... :
·
FDI in retail boon for agriculture ( Prime Minister Manmohan Singh
·
It will give better price to farmers.
·
It will create more than one crore job for
India.
·
It will relief to consumers.
·
Atleast 50% of total FDI will be in villages.
·
Chananges of opening more and more number of MSME
·
Modernisation Of agriculture
·
Modernisation Inventory management,supplychain,marketing,storage,advertisement
·
FDI backend retailer will source 30% of all
their product from small scale sector
·
Transform rural India through improved agro
processing and cold chain.
·
Farm produce will reach store directly thereby
reducing wastage
·
High Yield Variety of seeds and better
technology for farmer
·
Squeeze out the middle man in the retail
chain.
Conditions
for FDI in Retail in India :
·
Minimum investment of $100 million.
·
50% of the investment is to be in backend
infrastructure development.
·
30% of all raw material has be procured from
India's small and medium industries.
·
Permission to set up big retail chain only in
cities with a minimum population of 10 lakh.
·
Products should be sold under the same brand
internationally.
·
Foreign investor should be the owner of the brand
·
Government has the first right to procure material
from the farmers.
·
Smaller states have the right to take the decisions
Cities
and Union Territories In India agreed to allow FDI (population more than 10
lakhs)
·
Delhi
·
Maharashtra
·
Assam
·
Andhra Pradesh
·
Rajasthan
·
Uttarkhand
·
Haryana
·
Manipur
·
Jammu & Kashmir
·
Daman & n Diu
·
Dadra Nagar Haveli
Factual Presentaion of Indian Foreign
direct investment :
·
Starting from a baseline of less than $1 billion in
1990, a recent UNCTAD survey projected India as the second most important FDI
destination (after China) for transnational corporations during 2010–2012. As
per the data, the sectors which attracted higher inflows were services,
telecommunication, construction activities and computer software and hardware.
Mauritius, Singapore, US and UK were among the leading sources of FDI.
According to Ernst and Young, foreign direct investment in India in 2010 was
$44.8 billion, and in 2011 experienced an increase of 13% to $50.8 billion.[9] India
has seen an eightfold increase in its FDI in March 2012.
·
India disallowed OCB's i.e. Overseas Corporate
Bodies to invest in India .
On 14 September 2012, Government
of India allowed FDI; in aviation upto 49%, in
Broadcast sector upto 74%, in multi-brand retail upto 51% and in single-brand
retail upto 100%.
List
of big giant retailers knocking the door
of Indian retail :
Wal-Mart
Tesco
Carrefour
What
worries me for aam aadmi ?
Mostly India has self organised and
small format retail trade . Indian retail is the major growth driver for the
country. Modern retail contribute just 5% in
total retail sector .Wholesale and retail trade employed 44 millions of
Indian.We the poor Indian does not have sufficient money to visit the hyper
market n buy loads loads of branded
product for weekly and monthly basis....We the poor household has to suffer for
every single economic burden of the country whether it may be hike in fuel
charges, limit the number of subsidised of LPG cylinder.We still struggling to
get basic amenities. Studies in ultra modern public school for our child is
still dream for us...America is a good friend and useful partner for us.
Companies like Wal-Mart and countries like America is knocking the door to
enter into our market to leverage their profitability. What about the next door
Kirana shop ? what about the beauty of our Reliance Fresh and Big Bazar ? Will
it be washed away from social landscape ? Wal mart is not totally successful in
USA. what it will contribute for Indian economy ?Wal-Mart having a turnover of
$420bn employing 2.1 bn labour force what it will contribute for Indian retail
having turnover of $400bn and 40 mn of workforce.
Future
of Indian Retail and future of aam Aadmi :
·
Our shopping mall will be flooded with Indian
goods.
·
Increase in monopoly practice
·
Foreign retail will control Indian retail
Industry.
·
Modernisation of agriculture will help to
loose the real charm of tradinitional agriculture
·
Technically non skilled farmer loose their job
due to lack of expertise
·
Millions of Indian loose their livelihoods.
·
Foreign retailer will exploit more and more to
Indian consumers through well advanced and costly retail chain and branded
product.
·
Indian co-operative societies and Kirana
stores will perish
·
Local brand and home brand product will be
washed away from market
·
Foreign economy will interfere in our internal
trade practices
·
Our foreign exchange will diminish and our BOP
(Balance Of Payment) will more more stringent...
I explained
everything to granny...I took a deep breath ...Then I saw the seriousness on
her face...She said I think its not good sign for India again we are going to
sell our country to foreigner. Whether its British or American Whether its East
India Company or Wal-mart...Everything was same for her...She compelled me to
think that again we are going to loose our independence through the modern day
BUZZ FDI and FDI in retail.....
Vande Mataram.....